Logical Problems MCQs set 2 for FIA Assistant Sub-Inspector (BS-09) math iq — 20 solved questions.
Q1. In a certain code, '134' means 'good and tasty'. '478' means 'see good pictures' and '729' means 'pictures are faint'. What number represents 'good'?
Answer: 4
Explanation: Comparing '134' and '478', 'good' is associated with '4'. NET aptitude items reward fast recognition of the underlying pattern.
Q2. In a row of 40 boys, S is 14th from the left and R is 17th from the right. How many boys are between S and R?
Answer: 9 boys
Explanation: S is 14th, so there are 13 before him. R is 17th from right, so there are 16 after him, making him 24th from left. 24 - 14 - 1 = 9.
Q3. A, B, C, D, E are sitting in a row. B is between A and E. If A is at the left end and there are two persons between A and C, who is at the right end?
Answer: D
Explanation: A is at left, B is next to A, followed by two people, making C the 4th. E must be after B, so D is at the right end.
Q4. If 15 men can reap a field in 35 days, how many men are needed to reap the same field in 21 days?
Answer: 25 men
Explanation: Work done = men * days. 15 * 35 = x * 21. So, x = (15 * 35) / 21 = 25.
Q5. A farmer had 17 sheep. All but 9 died. How many sheep are left?
Answer: 9
Explanation: The phrase 'all but 9 died' means 9 are left alive. NET aptitude items reward fast recognition of the underlying pattern.
Q6. What is the next number in the sequence: 1, 2, 4, 7, 11?
Answer: 16
Explanation: The pattern is adding 1, 2, 3, 4, ... to the previous term. So, 1 + 1 = 2, 2 + 2 = 4, 4 + 3 = 7, 7 + 4 = 11, 11 + 5 = 16.
Q7. A cube is painted red on all sides. It is then cut into 64 smaller cubes of equal size. How many of these smaller cubes have no painted faces?
Answer: 8
Explanation: For 64 smaller cubes, the original cube is divided into 4x4x4. The inner 2x2x2 = 8 cubes have no painted faces.
Q8. A person travels 12 km north, then 5 km east, and finally 12 km south. What is the total distance traveled and the displacement?
Answer: 29 km, 5 km
Explanation: Total distance = 12 + 5 + 12 = 29 km. Displacement is 5 km east, as north and south cancel out.
Q9. If 20% of a number is 30, what is 50% of the number?
Answer: 75
Explanation: First, find the number: 20% of x = 30, so x = 30 * 100 / 20 = 150. Then, 50% of 150 = 75.
Q10. You are given 8 balls, and one will be slightly heavier or lighter than the others. How can you find the heavier or lighter ball in only 2 weighings on a balance scale?
Answer: Weigh 3 against 3, then if unbalanced, weigh 1 of the 3 against another. If balanced, weigh the remaining 2 against each other
Explanation: First weighing: 3 vs 3. If unbalanced, take the heavier/lighter 3 and weigh 1 vs 1. If still unbalanced, the heavier/lighter one is identified. If balanced, the remaining is the heavier/lighter one.
Q11. If Sally's father is John's son, what is the relationship between Sally and John?
Answer: Sally is John's granddaughter
Explanation: If Sally's father is John's son, then Sally is the child of John's son, making her John's granddaughter.
Q12. If you were given a chance to change one rule in a standard deck of cards, what would it be to make the game more interesting?
Answer: Change the values of the cards
Explanation: Changing the values can lead to new strategies and variations, making the game more interesting.
Q13. In a row of people, A is 7th from the left and B is 9th from the right. If they interchange their positions, A becomes 13th from the left. How many people are there in the row?
Answer: 21
Explanation: A is 7th from the left, and after interchanging, A is 13th from the left. The difference (13-7 = 6) added to B's original position from the right gives the total count. So, 9 + 6 + 6 = 21.
Q14. A clock loses 5 minutes every hour. If it is set correctly at 12:00 PM, what time will it show at 1:00 PM?
Answer: 12:55 PM
Explanation: The clock loses 5 minutes every hour. So, at 1:00 PM, it will show 12:55 PM because it loses 5 minutes in that hour.
Q15. There are 5 houses in a row, each painted a different color - blue, green, red, white, and yellow. Each house is occupied by a person of a different nationality - American, British, Canadian, Indian, and Japanese. Each person has a different drink - coffee, tea, milk, soda, and water. Using the following clues, what is the nationality of the person who drinks water?
Answer: Indian
Explanation: This is a classic lateral thinking puzzle. After applying the given clues, we deduce the nationality of the person who drinks water.
Q16. A is older than B by 5 years. If the sum of their ages is 25, how old is A?
Answer: 15
Explanation: Let's denote A's age as x and B's age as y. So, x = y + 5 and x + y = 25. Substituting x in the second equation gives y + 5 + y = 25, simplifying to 2y = 20, hence y = 10, and x = 15.
Q17. If 3 hens lay 3 eggs in 3 days, how many eggs will 12 hens lay in 12 days?
Answer: 48
Explanation: 3 hens lay 3 eggs in 3 days, meaning 1 hen lays 1 egg in 3 days. So, 1 hen lays 4 eggs in 12 days. Thus, 12 hens lay 12 * 4 = 48 eggs in 12 days.
Q18. A man walks 1 km towards the East, then 1 km towards the South, then 2 km towards the East, and finally 1 km towards the North. How far is he from his starting point?
Answer: √5 km
Explanation: He ends up 3 km East and 0 km North of his starting point after walking South and then North the same distance.
Q19. In a certain code language, 'KARAN' is written as 'OCVCR'. How is 'STUMP' written in that code?
Answer: UVQMP
Explanation: Each letter is shifted by 2 places forward in the alphabet. NET aptitude items reward fast recognition of the underlying pattern.
Q20. If A is taller than B and C is taller than A, then?
Answer: C is taller than B
Explanation: Transitive property: If A > B and C > A, then C > A > B, so C is taller than B.