FPSC General Duty (BS-14) Everyday Science: Electricity MCQs

FPSC General Duty (BS-14) Everyday Science: Electricity MCQs — sample questions

1. Question 1

   Q1. Which energy conversion takes place in a solar cell?

   • A) Chemical energy to electrical energy
   • B) Mechanical energy to electrical energy
   • C) Light energy to electrical energy
   • D) Thermal energy to electrical energy

   Answer: Light energy to electrical energy

   Explanation: Solar cells (photovoltaic cells) convert light energy (photons) directly into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect.

2. Question 2

   Q2. What is the unit of electric resistance?

   • A) Ampere
   • B) Volt
   • C) Watt
   • D) Ohm

   Answer: Ohm

   Explanation: Electric resistance is measured in Ohms (Ω), named after physicist Georg Ohm who formulated Ohm's Law: V = IR.

3. Question 3

   Q3. In an electric circuit, voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R) are related by:

   • A) V = I / R
   • B) V = R / I
   • C) V = I² × R
   • D) V = I × R

   Answer: V = I × R

   Explanation: Ohm's Law states V = IR (Voltage = Current × Resistance); for example, a 2 A current through a 5 Ω resistor produces V = 2 × 5 = 10 V.

4. Question 4

   Q4. An electrician must check whether a household fuse path is broken without calculating resistance from scratch on paper. Which meter is most directly used to test continuity or resistance in a circuit?

   • A) An ammeter is inserted in series to measure current
   • B) A voltmeter is placed across components to measure voltage
   • C) An ohmmeter measures electrical resistance of a path
   • D) A wattmeter measures electric power drawn by a load

   Answer: An ohmmeter measures electrical resistance of a path

   Explanation: An ohmmeter applies a small known voltage across a circuit path and measures the resulting current, then displays the calculated resistance; it is the standard tool for testing whether a fuse, wire, or component is intact or open-circuit.

5. Question 5

   Q5. A school debate pits early bulb rivals but one name dominates mass classroom stories about filaments and central-station lighting rollouts. Edison is most commonly highlighted for helping make which lighting pathway practical for homes and streets?

   • A) Carbon-filament incandescent lamp systems scaled for everyday use
   • B) Room-scale cold-cathode fluorescent tubes before vacuum pumps
   • C) Consumer LED bulbs with blue-gallium chips in 1879 household kits
   • D) Domestic CO2 laser lighting kits sold before carbon filaments

   Answer: Carbon-filament incandescent lamp systems scaled for everyday use

   Explanation: Thomas Edison developed a practical carbon-filament incandescent lamp in 1879 and, crucially, built the infrastructure - generators, distribution wiring, and metering - needed to deliver electricity to homes and streets at commercial scale. Earlier experimenters had created arc lights or short-lived filament lamps, but Edison's system made electric lighting a consumer product.