Practice One-Word Substitution MCQs for ISSB - Pak Army Officer Selection English — topic-wise sets with solved answers.
Q1. One word for "A person who hates mankind":
Answer: Misanthrope
Explanation: Misanthrope (Greek: misein = hate, anthropos = man) means a hater of humankind. Philanthropist and altruist love/help others; optimist expects the best.
Q2. Choose the one word for: a person who loves mankind and works for human welfare.
Answer: Philanthropist
Explanation: Philanthropist means a person who seeks to promote the welfare of others, especially through generous donation of money or effort. Misanthrope means one who hates mankind, which is the opposite idea.
Q3. What single word describes a person who is unable to pay his debts?
Answer: Insolvent
Explanation: Insolvent is the standard one-word term for someone whose liabilities exceed assets and who cannot meet financial obligations. Debtor only means one who owes money, not necessarily one who cannot pay.
Q4. The one-word equivalent of 'government by the people' is:
Answer: Democracy
Explanation: Democracy comes from Greek roots meaning rule by the people. Autocracy and monarchy mean rule by one person, not the people as a whole.
Q5. Which word substitutes the phrase 'a speech delivered without previous preparation'?
Answer: Extempore
Explanation: Extempore means spoken or done without preparation. Oration refers to a formal speech, but it does not require that the speech be unprepared.
Q6. Betrayal of one's own country is called:
Answer: Treason
Explanation: Treason is the crime of betraying one's country, especially by attempting to overthrow the government or aiding its enemies. Sedition involves incitement to rebellion but is not the exact one-word substitute for betrayal of the country itself.
Q7. One who knows and can use many languages may be described in one word as a:
Answer: Polyglot
Explanation: Polyglot specifically means a person who knows and is able to use several languages. Bilingual applies only to two languages, and linguist usually means a student of language science.
Q8. The custom of having more than one wife at the same time is known as:
Answer: Polygamy
Explanation: Polygamy means the practice of having more than one spouse, and in common usage it often refers to a man with multiple wives. Polyandry means a woman having more than one husband.
Q9. What one word means the scientific study of ancient societies through excavation of remains?
Answer: Archaeology
Explanation: Archaeology is the study of human history and prehistory through excavation of sites and analysis of artifacts. Paleontology studies fossils of plants and animals, not human civilizations.
Q10. A place where birds are kept is called an:
Answer: Aviary
Explanation: Aviary is the correct term for an enclosure or building for keeping birds. Apiary is a place where bees are kept.
Q11. Select the one word for a person who eats human flesh.
Answer: Cannibal
Explanation: Cannibal means a person who eats the flesh of other human beings. Carnivore is a broader term for flesh-eating animals and does not specify human flesh.
Q12. A person who is fond of company and enjoys being with others is:
Answer: Gregarious
Explanation: Gregarious means fond of company and sociable. Reclusive and introvert suggest preference for solitude, which is the opposite meaning.
Q13. Government carried on by a small privileged group is termed:
Answer: Oligarchy
Explanation: Oligarchy means government by a small group of people, especially for corrupt or selfish purposes. Plutocracy means rule by the wealthy, which is a narrower idea.
Q14. One word for 'a person who loves his country'.
Answer: Patriot
Explanation: A patriot loves and supports his country. A traitor betrays it, which is the opposite idea.
Q15. One word for 'a person who cannot read or write'.
Answer: Illiterate
Explanation: Illiterate specifically means unable to read or write. Ignorant means lacking knowledge in general.
Q16. One word for 'a place where weapons are stored'.
Answer: Arsenal
Explanation: An arsenal is a store of weapons. Barracks house soldiers, and a hangar shelters aircraft.
Q17. One word for 'a person who speaks many languages'.
Answer: Polyglot
Explanation: A polyglot speaks several languages. Bilingual means two languages. Review the rule behind the correct option so you can apply it to similar questions.
Q18. One word for 'a speech made without preparation'.
Answer: Extempore
Explanation: Extempore means spoken without prior preparation. Review the rule behind the correct option so you can apply it to similar questions.
Q19. One word for 'a place where birds are kept'.
Answer: Aviary
Explanation: An aviary is an enclosure for birds. Review the rule behind the correct option so you can apply it to similar questions.
Q20. One word for 'a person who writes dictionaries'.
Answer: Lexicographer
Explanation: A lexicographer compiles dictionaries. This is the option that fits the rule tested in the question.
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