National Highways & Motorway Police (NH&MP) SI / JPO Current Affairs SCO — Set 2

SCO MCQs set 2 for National Highways & Motorway Police (NH&MP) SI / JPO Current Affairs — 20 solved questions.

National Highways & Motorway Police (NH&MP) SI / JPO Current Affairs SCO — Set 2

  1. Question 1

    Q1. A “summit application” item mentions a regional grouping where Islamabad and New Delhi sit at the same table with Moscow and Beijing. Which organization fits best?

    • A) SCO
    • B) ASEAN exclusively without China
    • C) EU Eastern Partnership
    • D) Mercosur Asia chapter

    Answer: SCO

    Explanation: The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is the only major multilateral forum where Pakistan, India, China, and Russia all hold full membership, making it a unique platform for regional dialogue despite bilateral tensions.

  2. Question 2

    Q2. Which year did Pakistan become a full member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)?

    • A) 2015
    • B) 2017
    • C) 2019
    • D) 2021

    Answer: 2017

    Explanation: Pakistan and India were admitted as full members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation at the Astana summit in June 2017, expanding the bloc from six to eight full members.

  3. Question 3

    Q3. Where is the headquarters of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) located?

    • A) Moscow
    • B) Islamabad
    • C) Beijing
    • D) Tashkent

    Answer: Beijing

    Explanation: The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation's permanent Secretariat is located in Beijing, China, while its Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) is based in Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

  4. Question 4

    Q4. In which city was the SCO Heads of Government Summit hosted by Pakistan in October 2024?

    • A) Lahore
    • B) Islamabad
    • C) Karachi
    • D) Rawalpindi

    Answer: Islamabad

    Explanation: Pakistan hosted the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Heads of Government (Council of Prime Ministers) Summit in Islamabad in October 2024, marking a significant diplomatic moment as Indian External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar attended despite strained bilateral ties.

  5. Question 5

    Q5. How many full member states does the SCO have as of 2024 after its latest expansion?

    • A) 6
    • B) 7
    • C) 8
    • D) 9

    Answer: 9

    Explanation: After Iran and Belarus joined as full members at the New Delhi SCO Summit in 2023, the organization expanded to nine full members: China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, India, Pakistan, Iran, and Belarus.

  6. Question 6

    Q6. Which country became the most notable new full member of the SCO in 2023?

    • A) Turkey
    • B) Saudi Arabia
    • C) UAE
    • D) Iran

    Answer: Iran

    Explanation: Iran was admitted as a full member of the SCO at the Kazan summit in July 2023, following years as an observer state - making it the most notable new addition that year.

  7. Question 7

    Q7. What role did the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) play in India-Pakistan relations during 2023-2025?

    • A) SCO expelled Pakistan following the Pahalgam attack at India's request
    • B) SCO brokered a direct ceasefire between India and Pakistan after Operation Sindoor
    • C) Both India and Pakistan are SCO members, providing a multilateral forum though bilateral tensions persisted within the organisation
    • D) SCO imposed sanctions on Pakistan for harbouring terrorist groups

    Answer: Both India and Pakistan are SCO members, providing a multilateral forum though bilateral tensions persisted within the organisation

    Explanation: Both India and Pakistan are full members of the SCO, providing a multilateral platform where their leaders and officials occasionally interact; however, the organisation did not resolve the deep bilateral tensions that persisted, including through the 2025 Operation Sindoor crisis.

  8. Question 8

    Q8. What is the SCO Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) primarily responsible for?

    • A) Mediating border disputes between member states
    • B) Coordinating counter-terrorism intelligence among SCO members
    • C) Managing economic sanctions against non-member states
    • D) Supervising nuclear non-proliferation agreements

    Answer: Coordinating counter-terrorism intelligence among SCO members

    Explanation: The SCO Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS), headquartered in Tashkent, coordinates intelligence sharing and joint counter-terrorism operations among SCO member states against terrorism, separatism, and extremism.

  9. Question 9

    Q9. Under the SCO Charter, the Secretariat is headed by which official position?

    • A) Supreme Coordinator
    • B) High Commissioner
    • C) Director-General
    • D) Secretary-General

    Answer: Secretary-General

    Explanation: The SCO Secretariat, headquartered in Beijing, is headed by a Secretary-General serving a three-year term; the position rotates among member states and is responsible for day-to-day administration and coordination of the organization.

  10. Question 10

    Q10. The SCO Development Bank, proposed to finance BRI and regional projects, will be headquartered in which city?

    • A) Almaty
    • B) Shanghai
    • C) Moscow
    • D) Tashkent

    Answer: Shanghai

    Explanation: The proposed SCO Development Bank is planned to be headquartered in Shanghai, China, reflecting China's central role in shaping SCO economic institutions alongside existing BRI financing mechanisms.

  11. Question 11

    Q11. The SCO Charter was signed in Saint Petersburg in which year, formally establishing the organization's legal framework?

    • A) 2001
    • B) 2002
    • C) 2003
    • D) 2005

    Answer: 2002

    Explanation: The SCO Charter was signed at the Saint Petersburg summit in June 2002, providing the organisation's legal foundation covering its objectives, principles, structure, and decision-making procedures.

  12. Question 12

    Q12. Which specific provision of the SCO Charter prohibits member states from entering into military alliances directed against other SCO members?

    • A) Article 1 on sovereignty and territorial integrity
    • B) Article 5 on non-interference in internal affairs
    • C) Article 8 on mutual security guarantees
    • D) Article 2 on the Shanghai Spirit principles

    Answer: Article 2 on the Shanghai Spirit principles

    Explanation: Article 2 of the SCO Charter enshrines the "Shanghai Spirit" principles - mutual trust, non-interference, equality, and non-alliance - which implicitly prohibit members from forming military blocs targeting fellow SCO states.

  13. Question 13

    Q13. Which organization serves as the SCO's permanent judicial dispute resolution body equivalent to a regional court?

    • A) There is no permanent SCO judicial body; disputes go to ICJ
    • B) SCO Permanent Arbitration Tribunal in Almaty
    • C) SCO Legal Commission in Moscow
    • D) SCO Dispute Settlement Mechanism in Tashkent

    Answer: There is no permanent SCO judicial body; disputes go to ICJ

    Explanation: The SCO has no permanent judicial or arbitration body; it lacks a regional court equivalent to the ICJ or WTO dispute body, and inter-state disputes are generally referred to international tribunals or resolved diplomatically.

  14. Question 14

    Q14. Pakistan's participation in the SCO Peace Mission military exercises demonstrates cooperation in which specific operational domain?

    • A) Naval interdiction and maritime surveillance
    • B) Cyber warfare and electronic intelligence sharing
    • C) Nuclear safety protocols under IAEA
    • D) Joint counter-terrorism ground operations

    Answer: Joint counter-terrorism ground operations

    Explanation: SCO Peace Mission exercises are joint counter-terrorism ground operations where member states conduct simulated anti-terrorist operations together; Pakistan has participated in these exercises as both a full member since 2017 and earlier as an observer.

  15. Question 15

    Q15. The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) admitted Pakistan as a full member in 2017. From a Pakistani foreign policy perspective, the MOST significant long-term implication of this membership is which of the following?

    • A) Pakistan gained automatic military defence guarantees from China and Russia under the SCO collective security framework
    • B) Pakistan's inclusion required it to formally recognise Chinese sovereignty over Taiwan and Tibet
    • C) Pakistan secured preferential trade access to Central Asian markets, replacing its need for bilateral trade agreements
    • D) Membership provides Pakistan a multilateral platform engaging both China and Russia while maintaining policy flexibility vis-à-vis the West

    Answer: Membership provides Pakistan a multilateral platform engaging both China and Russia while maintaining policy flexibility vis-à-vis the West

    Explanation: SCO membership provides Pakistan a formal multilateral platform that includes both China and Russia - counterbalancing Western pressure on issues like Afghanistan and Kashmir - while preserving Pakistan's ability to maintain separate relationships with the United States and Europe.

  16. Question 16

    Q16. Where is the headquarters of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) located?

    • A) Moscow
    • B) Beijing
    • C) Tashkent
    • D) Astana

    Answer: Beijing

    Explanation: The SCO Secretariat is headquartered in Beijing, China, which as a founding member and the bloc's largest economy hosts the organisation's permanent administrative and coordination body.

  17. Question 17

    Q17. Which city hosted the SCO Council of Heads of State summit in October 2024?

    • A) Islamabad
    • B) Karachi
    • C) Lahore
    • D) Rawalpindi

    Answer: Islamabad

    Explanation: Islamabad hosted the SCO Council of Heads of State summit in October 2024, marking a significant diplomatic milestone as Pakistani PM Shehbaz Sharif chaired the meeting attended by regional leaders including Indian External Affairs Minister Jaishankar.

  18. Question 18

    Q18. Who is the current Secretary-General of the SCO (as of 2024-25)?

    • A) Rashid Alimov
    • B) Vladimir Norov
    • C) Sohail Mahmood
    • D) Zhang Ming

    Answer: Zhang Ming

    Explanation: Zhang Ming, a Chinese diplomat and former Vice Foreign Minister, has served as SCO Secretary-General since 2023, succeeding Vladimir Norov of Uzbekistan for the 2023-2026 term.

  19. Question 19

    Q19. At which summit did Pakistan formally join the SCO as a full member in 2017?

    • A) Astana Summit
    • B) Ufa Summit
    • C) Qingdao Summit
    • D) Bishkek Summit

    Answer: Astana Summit

    Explanation: Pakistan and India were formally admitted as full members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation at the Astana Summit in Kazakhstan in June 2017.

  20. Question 20

    Q20. The SCO was founded in 2001. Which of the following was NOT among its six founding member states?

    • A) India
    • B) Russia
    • C) Kazakhstan
    • D) Tajikistan

    Answer: India

    Explanation: The SCO was founded in Shanghai in June 2001 by China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan; India and Pakistan were admitted as full members only in 2017, so India was not among the six original founding states.

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A “summit application” item mentions a regional grouping where Islamabad and New Delhi sit at the same table with Moscow and Beijing. Which organization fits best?