Practice Profit & Loss MCQs for Sindh Police Sub Inspector (BS-14) Mathematics — topic-wise sets with solved answers.
Q1. Two varieties of wheat - A and B costing Rs. 9 per kg and Rs. 15 per kg were mixed in the ratio 3 : 7. If 5 kg of the mixture is sold at 25% profit, find the profit made?
Answer: Rs. 16.50
Explanation: Mixed cost = (3×9 + 7×15)/10 = Rs.13.20/kg; selling 5 kg at 25% profit gives SP = Rs.82.50, so profit = Rs.82.50 − Rs.66 = Rs.16.50.
Q2. An ornament seller marks the price of an article at Rs. 28,800. What is the selling price of the article if he gives a discount of 20%?
Answer: Rs. 23040
Explanation: Selling price after 20% discount = 28800 × 0.80 = Rs.23,040. Show the calculation clearly when solving similar quantitative items.
Q3. Rehman mixed 24 kg of butter at Rs. 150 per kg with 36 kg butter at the rate of Rs. 125 per kg. At what price per kg should he sell the mixture to make a profit of 40% in the transaction?
Answer: Rs. 189
Explanation: Weighted average cost = (24×150 + 36×125)/60 = 8100/60 = Rs.135/kg; selling at 40% profit: 135 × 1.40 = Rs.189.
Q4. A man sells two buffaloes for Rs.7,820 each. On one he gains 15% and on the other, he loses 15%. His total gain or loss in the transaction is:
Answer: 2.25% loss
Explanation: Selling equal amounts at equal but opposite profit/loss percentages always results in a net loss = (percentage²)/100 = (15²)/100 = 2.25% loss.
Q5. An article is bought for Rs.600 and sold for Rs.500, find the loss percent?
Answer: 16.67%
Explanation: Loss = Rs.100 on CP of Rs.600; loss% = (100/600) × 100 = 16.67%.
Q6. Raheem bought an old car for Rs. 42000. He spent Rs. 13000 on repairs and sold it for Rs. 64900. What is his profit percentage?
Answer: 18%
Explanation: Total cost = 42000 + 13000 = Rs.55,000; profit = 64900 − 55000 = Rs.9,900; profit% = 9900/55000 × 100 = 18%.
Q7. A person buys an article at Rs.500. At what price should he sell the article so as to make
Answer: profit of 20%? Profit-Loss Rs.600
Explanation: Selling price for 20% profit = CP × 1.20 = 500 × 1.20 = Rs.600.
Q8. By selling an umbrella for Rs. 300, a shop keeper gains 20%. During a clearance sale, the shopkeeper allows a discount of 10% on the marked price. His gain percent during the sale is:________?
Answer: 8%
Explanation: CP = 300/1.20 = Rs.250; after 10% discount, SP = 270; profit% = (270−250)/250 × 100 = 8%.
Q9. In what proportion must water be added to spirit to gain 20% by selling it at the cost price?
Answer: 1:05
Explanation: To gain 20% by selling at cost price, water added must be 1/5 of spirit, giving a water:spirit ratio of 1:5.
Q10. A and B start a business jointly. A invests Rs.16000 for 8 months and B remains in the business for 4 months. Out of the total profit B claims 2/7th share. How much money is contributed by B?
Answer: Rs0.13
Explanation: A's investment-months = 16000×8 = 128,000; ratio A:B = 5:2; B's investment = 128,000 × 2/(5×4) = Rs.12,800.
Q11. A starts business with a capital of Rs.1200. B and C join with some investments after 3 and 6 months respectively. If the end of a year, the profit is divided in the ratio 2:3:5 respectively. What is B's investment in the business?
Answer: Rs0.24
Explanation: A:B:C profit ratio = 2:3:5; A = 1200×12 = 14400; B's investment × 9 months = 14400 × 3/2 → B = Rs.2,400.
Q12. If a shopkeeper earns 30% profit on a thing; if its price rises 25%, how much profit will he take:
Answer: 62.50%
Explanation: If cost rises 25% to 125 but selling price stays at 130, profit = 5 on new CP of 125, which equals 62.5% on the original CP of 100.
Q13. A doll is sold for Rs. 220. What was the cost of the doll if the rate of profit was 10% of the cost?
Answer: Rs. 200
Explanation: SP = CP × 1.10 = 220 → CP = 220/1.10 = Rs.200.
Q14. Mahad marks an article 15% above the cost price of Rs. 540. What must be his discount percentage if he sells it at Rs. 496.80?
Answer: 20%
Explanation: MP = 540 × 1.15 = Rs.621; discount = 621 − 496.80 = Rs.124.20; discount% = 124.20/621 × 100 = 20%.
Q15. A shopkeeper purchased 70 kg of potatoes for Rs. 420 and sold the whole lot at the rate of Rs. 6.50 per kg. What will be his gain percent?
Answer: 8.33%
Explanation: CP = Rs.420; SP = 70 × 6.50 = Rs.455; profit% = (35/420) × 100 = 8.33%.
Q16. A shopkeeper buys an article for Rs. 240 and sells it for Rs. 300. What is his profit percentage?
Answer: 25%
Explanation: Profit = 300 − 240 = Rs.60; profit% = (60/240) × 100 = 25%.
Q17. P and Q started business with Rs.15000 and Rs.10000 respectively. Find the share of P in an annual profit of Rs. 25000.
Answer: RS.15000
Explanation: P and Q invest in ratio 15000:10000 = 3:2; P's share = (3/5) × 25000 = Rs. 15000.
Q18. A man purchases 8 pens for Rs.9 and sells 9 pens for Rs.8, how much profit or loss does he make?
Answer: 20.98% loss
Explanation: CP of 9 pens = 9×(9/8) = Rs. 81/8; SP = Rs. 8; loss = (81/8−8)/(81/8)×100 = (17/8)/(81/8)×100 ≈ 20.98% loss.
Q19. The true discount on Rs. 1,760 due after a certain time at 12% per annum is Rs. 160. What is the time after which it is due?
Answer: 10 months
Explanation: Present value (PV) = 1760−160 = 1600; SI = PV×r×t → 160 = 1600×0.12×t → t = 10/12 = 10 months.
Q20. A, B, C and D enter into partnership. A subscribes 1/3 of the capital, B 1/4, C 1/5 and D the rest. How much share did A get in a profit of Rs.2460?
Answer: Rs0.82
Explanation: A's fraction = 1/3; A's share = (1/3)×2460 = Rs. 820. Show the calculation clearly when solving similar quantitative items.
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