China-Pakistan Relations MCQs set 3 for SPSC Assistant (Sindh, BS-16) Current Affairs — 20 solved questions.
Q1. What is the name of the Pakistan-China economic corridor agreement signed in 2015?
Answer: China-Pakistan Economic Corridor
Explanation: The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) framework agreement was signed in April 2015 during Chinese President Xi Jinping's state visit to Islamabad, formally launching the USD 62 billion infrastructure and energy initiative.
Q2. Pakistan and China signed a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) Phase-II in which year?
Answer: 2019
Explanation: Pakistan and China signed the FTA Phase-II in April 2019 during a visit by Pakistani Prime Minister Imran Khan to Beijing, updating the original 2006 FTA with improved market access terms.
Q3. Which port city is the southern terminus of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor?
Answer: Gwadar
Explanation: Gwadar, a deep-sea port city in Balochistan on the Arabian Sea coast, is the southern terminus of CPEC, providing China's landlocked Xinjiang province with the shortest overland route to warm-water maritime trade routes.
Q4. The total investment pledged under CPEC at the time of its original signing in 2015 was approximately how much?
Answer: $46 billion
Explanation: The CPEC framework was announced during Chinese President Xi Jinping's visit to Islamabad in April 2015, with an initial investment pledge of approximately 46 billion USD across energy, infrastructure, and industrial cooperation projects.
Q5. Pakistan joined the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) officially through signing of the CPEC framework in which city in April 2015?
Answer: Beijing
Explanation: During Xi Jinping's state visit to Islamabad in April 2015, Pakistan and China formally signed the CPEC framework agreements, making Pakistan the first country to formally join China's Belt and Road Initiative.
Q6. The ML-1 railway project under CPEC, connecting Karachi to Peshawar, has an estimated cost of approximately how much?
Answer: $9 billion
Explanation: The ML-1 upgrade project to modernize the main railway line from Karachi to Peshawar has an estimated cost of approximately 9 billion USD, making it the largest single infrastructure project under CPEC.
Q7. China proposes extending CPEC Phase II to include a new economic zone in Balochistan, but local communities oppose it citing inadequate compensation and environmental concerns. Pakistan's federal government should
Answer: Engage provincial government and community representatives in a structured consultation process before finalizing CPEC Phase II terms, ensuring benefit-sharing mechanisms are incorporated
Explanation: Structured community consultation before finalising CPEC Phase II terms is the constitutionally and ethically correct approach, ensuring that provincial rights, community land claims, and environmental concerns are addressed through legitimate channels rather than being overridden by federal or foreign investment imperatives.
Q8. Which specific agreement signed in 2020 between Pakistan and China expanded CPEC to include social sector development, including health and agriculture cooperation?
Answer: CPEC Phase-II Joint Cooperation Committee Framework Agreement
Explanation: The CPEC Phase-II Joint Cooperation Committee Framework Agreement signed in 2020 broadened CPEC's scope beyond infrastructure and energy into agriculture, health, education, and poverty alleviation, reflecting Pakistan's push for socioeconomic dividends from the partnership.
Q9. The Gwadar Port operating rights were transferred from PSA International to which Chinese company in 2013?
Answer: China Overseas Port Holding Company
Explanation: China Overseas Port Holding Company took over Gwadar Port operations in 2013 from Singapore's PSA International after being awarded a 40-year concession to develop and manage the deep-sea port.
Q10. The Pakistan-China Gwadar Free Zone Phase-1 was formally inaugurated in which year, marking a key CPEC operational milestone?
Answer: 2018
Explanation: The Gwadar Free Zone Phase-1 was formally inaugurated in 2018 during Chinese and Pakistani officials' joint ceremony, marking the operational launch of industrial and commercial activity within the CPEC-associated special economic zone.
Q11. Which specific article of the CPEC Long Term Plan 2017-2030 outlines the industrial cooperation zones and their locations across Pakistan?
Answer: Chapter 7 on Industrial Cooperation
Explanation: Chapter 7 on Industrial Cooperation within the CPEC Long Term Plan 2017-2030 details the planned Special Economic Zones and industrial parks, including their proposed locations at Rashakai, Allama Iqbal, Dhabeji, Bostan, and other sites.
Q12. Pakistan's IMF bailout negotiations stall because the Fund demands Pakistan reduce its defence budget by 15%. Saudi Arabia and China both offer bridge loans without such conditions. Pakistan should
Answer: Use the Saudi and Chinese offers as negotiating leverage to secure a modified IMF arrangement that links defence efficiency reforms rather than a fixed percentage cut, preserving fiscal sovereignty while demonstrating reform intent
Explanation: Using competing bilateral offers as leverage to negotiate modified IMF conditionalities is a classic strategy in sovereign debt diplomacy, allowing Pakistan to demonstrate reform intent while protecting core national interests.
Q13. Iran and Saudi Arabia sign a Chinese-brokered normalization agreement in 2023. Pakistan, which maintained relations with both countries, should leverage this development by
Answer: Propose to China that Pakistan serve as a trilateral economic corridor linking Iran, Saudi Arabia, and Central Asia via CPEC, positioning itself as the key South-West Asian connectivity hub
Explanation: Iran-Saudi normalization removes the zero-sum constraint that had forced Pakistan to choose sides; Pakistan can now position itself as a connectivity bridge linking both Gulf states to Central Asia through CPEC, monetizing its geographic centrality.
Q14. What is the original announced investment figure of CPEC?
Answer: $62 billion
Explanation: CPEC was officially announced with a total investment envelope of USD 62 billion; this figure has been cited consistently by both Pakistan and Chinese governments as the headline commitment under the Belt and Road Initiative.
Q15. Chinese assisted Gwadar International Airport publicity cycles highlight its commissioning momentum chiefly around which calendar year when Islamabad marketed fresh Balochistan connectivity headlines alongside CPEC transport talking points?
Answer: 2024
Explanation: Gwadar International Airport, built with Chinese assistance, saw its commissioning and inauguration publicized most prominently in 2024 as part of Pakistan's effort to market enhanced Balochistan connectivity alongside CPEC Phase II talking points.
Q16. The Gwadar Port, a key CPEC project, is located in which province of Pakistan?
Answer: Balochistan
Explanation: Gwadar Port is located in the Balochistan province of Pakistan, on the Arabian Sea coast near the Iranian border. It is the strategic anchor of CPEC and China's gateway to the Arabian Sea, providing China with a potential alternative route to import Middle Eastern oil bypassing the Strait of Malacca.
Q17. Which Chinese initiative is CPEC officially a flagship corridor of?
Answer: Belt and Road Initiative
Explanation: CPEC is officially a flagship corridor of China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), connecting Gwadar on the Arabian Sea to Kashgar in western China. The BRI encompasses infrastructure, trade, and investment links across Asia, Africa, and Europe.
Q18. Which railway upgrade project under CPEC, connecting Karachi to Peshawar, is commonly referred to by its abbreviation?
Answer: ML-1
Explanation: The Main Line-1 (ML-1) is the most significant railway upgrade project under CPEC, spanning approximately 1,872 km from Karachi to Peshawar. The project aims to upgrade track, signalling, and station infrastructure to increase train speeds and freight capacity along Pakistan's primary rail corridor.
Q19. Which Special Economic Zone (SEZ) under CPEC is located near Islamabad in Hattar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa?
Answer: Hattar SEZ
Explanation: Hattar SEZ is located in Hattar Industrial Estate, Haripur district in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, which is relatively close to Islamabad. It is one of the designated CPEC Special Economic Zones approved under the SEZ Act.
Q20. The CPEC Authority was established under which Pakistani legislation?
Answer: CPEC Authority Act 2021
Explanation: The CPEC Authority was established through the CPEC Authority Act 2021, passed by Pakistan's parliament to create a dedicated institutional body for overseeing, coordinating, and monitoring the implementation of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor projects. The authority operates under the Prime Minister's Office.