Practice Biology MCQs for SPSC General Posts (Sindh) Everyday Science — topic-wise sets with solved answers.
Q1. What ailment is caused by the blockage of a blood vessel by a blood clot?
Answer: Thrombosis
Explanation: Thrombosis is the formation of a blood clot (thrombus) inside a blood vessel that obstructs blood flow; embolism involves a clot that has broken loose and travelled.
Q2. A biological study of the external form and structure of living organisms and their parts is called:
Answer: Morphology
Explanation: Morphology is the branch of biology concerned with the external form, shape, and structure of organisms and their parts, distinct from internal anatomy.
Q3. Identify the genetic & hereditary disease from the options.
Answer: Sickle-Cell Anemia
Explanation: Sickle-cell anemia is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the HBB gene encoding the beta-globin chain of hemoglobin, making it hereditary.
Q4. What is the weight of the average adult human brain?
Answer: 1.2 to 1.4 kg
Explanation: The average adult human brain weighs approximately 1.4 to 1.6 kg (about 3 pounds), representing roughly 2% of total body weight.
Q5. Where are red blood cells formed?
Answer: Bone marrow
Explanation: Red blood cells (erythrocytes) are produced in the red bone marrow through a process called erythropoiesis, primarily in flat bones like the sternum, ribs, and vertebrae.
Q6. Which of these is a genetic & hereditary disease?
Answer: Diabetes Mellitus
Explanation: Diabetes mellitus has a strong genetic component; individuals with a family history of the disease face significantly higher risk, making it a hereditary condition.
Q7. Bird Flu virus is also known as:
Answer: H5N1
Explanation: H5N1 is the scientifically accurate choice. The concept tested here is core everyday science for MDCAT, ECAT, and general ability papers.
Q8. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 is also known as ______.
Answer: bird flu
Explanation: bird flu is the scientifically accurate choice. The concept tested here is core everyday science for MDCAT, ECAT, and general ability papers.
Q9. Malaria is a disease that affects the ____.
Answer: Spleen and liver
Explanation: Malaria parasites (Plasmodium) multiply in red blood cells and are also sequestered in the spleen and liver, causing fever, anemia, and organ damage.
Q10. Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs as a result of bacteria named:
Answer: Streptococcus
Explanation: Streptococcus is the scientifically accurate choice. The concept tested here is core everyday science for MDCAT, ECAT, and general ability papers.
Q11. What is the disease pertussis commonly known as?
Answer: Whooping cough
Explanation: Pertussis, caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, is characterized by severe coughing fits followed by a high-pitched "whoop" on inhalation, giving it the common name whooping cough.
Q12. Among the following food items, which one has the highest amount of carbohydrates?
Answer: Banana
Explanation: Bananas have a high carbohydrate content of approximately 23 g per 100 g, primarily as starch and sugars, making them the most carbohydrate-rich among the options listed.
Q13. Which area of the brain is responsible for the control of body temperature?
Answer: Hypothalamus
Explanation: The hypothalamus acts as the body's thermostat, detecting blood temperature changes and regulating heat production, sweating, and shivering to maintain core body temperature.
Q14. Which of the following discoveries in 1928 has brought a great revolution in medical history?
Answer: Penicillin
Explanation: Penicillin is the scientifically accurate choice. The concept tested here is core everyday science for MDCAT, ECAT, and general ability papers.
Q15. A non-communicable disease is also called a:
Answer: Chronic disease
Explanation: A non-communicable disease (NCD) is also called a chronic disease because it persists over a long period and typically progresses slowly, unlike infectious diseases.
Q16. Food is fermented by:
Answer: Bacteria
Explanation: Bacteria is the scientifically accurate choice. The concept tested here is core everyday science for MDCAT, ECAT, and general ability papers.
Q17. A blood group is identified by:
Answer: Antigens
Explanation: Antigens is the scientifically accurate choice. The concept tested here is core everyday science for MDCAT, ECAT, and general ability papers.
Q18. Who among the following received a Nobel Prize for unraveling the helical structure of proteins?
Answer: Linus Pauling
Explanation: Linus Pauling received the 1954 Nobel Prize in Chemistry partly for his work on protein alpha-helix structure, elucidating the helical arrangement of amino acid chains.
Q19. Which among the following is responsible for the clotting of blood?
Answer: Platelets
Explanation: Platelets (thrombocytes) are small cell fragments that aggregate at wound sites and initiate the coagulation cascade, forming clots to stop bleeding.
Q20. Insects responsible for transmitting diseases are called:
Answer: Vectors
Explanation: Vectors is the scientifically accurate choice. The concept tested here is core everyday science for MDCAT, ECAT, and general ability papers.
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