Practice Islamic History MCQs for GBPSC General Posts (Gilgit-Baltistan) Islamic Studies — topic-wise sets with solved answers.
Q1. The Berber general who led the initial Muslim conquest of Spain alongside Tariq ibn Ziyad was:
Answer: Musa ibn Nusayr
Explanation: Musa ibn Nusayr was the Arab governor of North Africa who planned and oversaw the Muslim conquest of Spain, sending his Berber commander Tariq ibn Ziyad across the strait in 711 CE.
Q2. Approximately how many people embraced Islam in the period between the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah and the Conquest of Makkah?
Answer: Over 7,000
Explanation: After the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah (6 AH) opened the doors to peaceful interaction, the two years before the Conquest of Makkah (8 AH) saw a massive wave of conversions, with over 7,000 people embracing Islam.
Q3. Name the Caliph whose parents were both from the Banu Hashim clan.
Answer: Ali ibn Abi Talib (RA)
Explanation: Hazrat Ali ibn Abi Talib (RA) was unique among the four Rightly Guided Caliphs in that both his parents - Abu Talib and Fatimah bint Asad - were from the Banu Hashim clan.
Q4. The "Reconquista" is the historical term for the Christian reconquest of which territory from Muslim rule?
Answer: Spain (Al-Andalus)
Explanation: The Reconquista was the centuries-long campaign (722-1492 CE) by which Christian kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula gradually reconquered Al-Andalus (Muslim Spain), culminating in the fall of Granada.
Q5. Which book was written by Hazrat Ali (RA)?
Answer: Nahj al-Balagha
Explanation: Nahj al-Balagha is correct based on Quranic teaching, Hadith, or Islamic history. Memorize this point for Islamiat sections in LAT, USAT, and public service exams.
Q6. To which tribe did Hazrat Umar (RA) belong?
Answer: Banu Adi
Explanation: Banu Adi is correct based on Quranic teaching, Hadith, or Islamic history. Memorize this point for Islamiat sections in LAT, USAT, and public service exams.
Q7. The "Abbasid Revolution" which overthrew the Umayyads began in which province?
Answer: Khorasan
Explanation: The Abbasid Revolution began in Khorasan (in present-day Iran/Central Asia) in 747 CE, led by Abu Muslim al-Khorasani under the black banners of the Abbasids, overthrowing the Umayyad dynasty by 750 CE.
Q8. The assassination of which Caliph led to the first civil war (Fitna) in Islam?
Answer: Uthman (RA)
Explanation: The assassination of Caliph Uthman (RA) in 35 AH (656 CE) triggered the First Fitna (civil war), leading to disputes over Ali's caliphate, the Battle of the Camel, and eventually the Battle of Siffin.
Q9. Who was the first person to take the pledge of allegiance (Bay'ah) to Uthman (RA) as Caliph?
Answer: Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf (RA)
Explanation: Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf (RA), who was the head of the six-member consultation committee (Shura), announced his decision in favor of Uthman and was the first to take the Bay'ah, setting the precedent for others.
Q10. The first "Sultan" to be officially granted the title by the Abbasid Caliph was the Seljuk ruler:
Answer: Tughril Beg
Explanation: Tughril Beg, founder of the Seljuk dynasty, was the first ruler to receive the formal title of "Sultan" from the Abbasid Caliph Al-Qa'im in 1055 CE, after he liberated Baghdad from Buyid control.
Q11. The first person to hold the office of "Qadi" (judge) of Egypt after the Muslim conquest was:
Answer: Qays ibn Abi al-As
Explanation: Qays ibn Abi al-As al-Sahmi is recorded as the first Qadi (judge) appointed over Egypt following the Muslim conquest under Amr ibn al-As, marking the establishment of the Islamic judicial system there.
Q12. When did Hazrat Abu Bakr (R.A.) die?
Answer: 634 A.D.
Explanation: Hazrat Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (RA) passed away on 22 Jumada al-Akhirah, 13 AH, corresponding to 634 CE, after serving as the first Caliph of Islam for approximately two years and three months.
Q13. The "Almohad" movement, which later established a caliphate, originated in:
Answer: The Atlas Mountains of Morocco
Explanation: The Almohad movement (al-Muwahhidun) was founded by Ibn Tumart in the early 12th century among the Masmuda Berber tribes of the High Atlas Mountains of Morocco before spreading to conquer the Maghreb and Spain.
Q14. About whom did Abbas (RA) say to the Prophet (PBUH) on the conquest of Makkah, "O Prophet of Allah, he is a proud man. Would you not grant him some privilege"?
Answer: Abu Sufyan
Explanation: Abbas (RA) interceded for Abu Sufyan during the Conquest of Makkah, knowing Abu Sufyan's pride; the Prophet granted him the special privilege that those who entered his house would be safe.
Q15. Hazrat Ali (R.A.) ruled for
Answer: 4 years, 9 months
Explanation: 4 years, 9 months is correct based on Quranic teaching, Hadith, or Islamic history. Memorize this point for Islamiat sections in LAT, USAT, and public service exams.
Q16. Which Umayyad ruler was called Umar-e-Sani?
Answer: Umar bin Abdul Aziz
Explanation: Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz (Umar II, r. 717-720 CE) was called "Umar-e-Sani" (the Second Umar) for his just rule, piety, and reforms that resembled those of Hazrat Umar (RA), making him the most revered Umayyad Caliph.
Q17. How is the lineage of Hazrat Umar (RA) connected to the Prophet (PBUH)?
Answer: Ka'b
Explanation: Ka'b is correct based on Quranic teaching, Hadith, or Islamic history. Memorize this point for Islamiat sections in LAT, USAT, and public service exams.
Q18. The "Ridda Wars" (Wars of Apostasy) were fought during the caliphate of:
Answer: Abu Bakr (RA)
Explanation: The Ridda Wars (Wars of Apostasy) were fought immediately after the Prophet's death (11 AH/632 CE) under the first Caliph Abu Bakr (RA), who suppressed tribal rebellions and false prophet movements across Arabia.
Q19. The Fatimid Caliphate, an Isma'ili Shia dynasty, established which city as its capital?
Answer: Cairo
Explanation: The Fatimid Caliphate (909-1171 CE), founded by the Isma'ili Shia dynasty, established Cairo (Al-Qahira) as its capital in 969 CE; they also founded Al-Azhar University there.
Q20. The "Wazir," a high-ranking political advisor or minister, was an administrative role adopted by the Abbasids from:
Answer: Persian (Sasanian) tradition
Explanation: The Abbasids adopted the institution of the Wazir (vizier) from the Persian Sasanian administrative tradition, where a chief minister managed state affairs on behalf of the ruler.
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