Practice Nutrition & Health MCQs for HEC USAT-GS (General Science) Everyday Science — topic-wise sets with solved answers.
Q1. Among the following food items, which one has the highest amount of carbohydrates?
Answer: Banana
Explanation: Bananas have a high carbohydrate content of approximately 23 g per 100 g, primarily as starch and sugars, making them the most carbohydrate-rich among the options listed.
Q2. Food is fermented by:
Answer: Bacteria
Explanation: Bacteria is the scientifically accurate choice. The concept tested here is core everyday science for MDCAT, ECAT, and general ability papers.
Q3. Who among the following received a Nobel Prize for unraveling the helical structure of proteins?
Answer: Linus Pauling
Explanation: Linus Pauling received the 1954 Nobel Prize in Chemistry partly for his work on protein alpha-helix structure, elucidating the helical arrangement of amino acid chains.
Q4. Scurvy occurs due to a deficiency of which vitamin?
Answer: Vitamin C
Explanation: Vitamin C is the scientifically accurate choice. The concept tested here is core everyday science for MDCAT, ECAT, and general ability papers.
Q5. Which vitamin is known as Ascorbic Acid?
Answer: C
Explanation: Ascorbic acid is the chemical name for Vitamin C, an essential water-soluble antioxidant vitamin required for collagen synthesis and immune function.
Q6. Deficiency diseases are caused by a lack of:
Answer: Vitamins or minerals
Explanation: Deficiency diseases arise specifically from inadequate intake of essential micronutrients - vitamins (e.g., scurvy from Vitamin C deficiency) and minerals (e.g., anemia from iron deficiency).
Q7. A deficiency of iron in the human diet causes:
Answer: Anaemia
Explanation: Iron is required for hemoglobin synthesis; deficiency reduces hemoglobin levels in red blood cells, resulting in iron-deficiency anemia characterized by fatigue and pallor.
Q8. The healing of wounds is hastened by vitamin ______.
Answer: C
Explanation: Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is essential for collagen synthesis; it activates the enzymes prolyl hydroxylase and lysyl hydroxylase that stabilize collagen, which is critical for wound healing.
Q9. The vitamin which is generally excreted by humans in urine is:
Answer: Vitamin C
Explanation: Water-soluble vitamins like Vitamin C and B-complex are not stored in the body and are excreted through urine when consumed in excess, unlike fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K.
Q10. The monomers of proteins are ____.
Answer: Amino Acids
Explanation: Amino Acids is the scientifically accurate choice. The concept tested here is core everyday science for MDCAT, ECAT, and general ability papers.
Q11. Which vitamin gets destroyed by heating?
Answer: C
Explanation: Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is highly sensitive to heat and oxidation; cooking, boiling, or prolonged heating destroys it rapidly, making it the most heat-labile common vitamin.
Q12. Which of the following groups of compounds constitute carbohydrates?
Answer: Starch and sugar
Explanation: Carbohydrates are organic compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; they include monosaccharides and disaccharides (sugars) and polysaccharides (starch, glycogen, cellulose).
Q13. Which component of the diet helps in preventing constipation?
Answer: Fibers
Explanation: Dietary fiber (roughage) adds bulk to stools and stimulates peristalsis in the large intestine, facilitating regular bowel movements and preventing constipation.
Q14. Which of the following lists the four stages of food processing in order?
Answer: Ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination
Explanation: The four stages of food processing are: ingestion (eating), digestion (breaking down food), absorption (nutrient uptake into blood), and elimination (removal of waste).
Q15. The Global Iodine Deficiency Disorder Day is observed on:
Answer: on 21st October
Explanation: Global Iodine Deficiency Disorder (IDD) Prevention Day is observed annually on October 21 to raise awareness about iodine deficiency, one of the world's most preventable causes of brain damage.
Q16. Rickets is caused by the deficiency of:
Answer: Vitamin D
Explanation: Rickets is caused by deficiency of Vitamin D (and/or calcium and phosphate), leading to impaired bone mineralization, soft bones, and skeletal deformities in children.
Q17. Carbohydrates are stored in plants and animals in the following respective forms:
Answer: Starch and Glycogen
Explanation: Starch and Glycogen is the scientifically accurate choice. The concept tested here is core everyday science for MDCAT, ECAT, and general ability papers.
Q18. Which of the following is not a water-soluble vitamin?
Answer: Tocopherol (Vitamin E)
Explanation: Tocopherol (Vitamin E) is a fat-soluble vitamin dissolved and stored in fatty tissues and the liver; unlike B vitamins (pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, niacin), it is not water-soluble.
Q19. Proteins are made of:
Answer: Amino acid
Explanation: Proteins are large biomolecules made up of chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds; there are 20 standard amino acids that combine in various sequences to form different proteins.
Q20. Birds that feed on marine food remove salt using which of the following glands?
Answer: Rectal salt gland
Explanation: Rectal salt gland is the scientifically accurate choice. The concept tested here is core everyday science for MDCAT, ECAT, and general ability papers.
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