The Circular Debt problem that emerged from CPEC Phase I power projects primarily relates to which structural issue in Pakistan's energy sector?
Q1. The Circular Debt problem that emerged from CPEC Phase I power projects primarily relates to which structural issue in Pakistan's energy sector?
Answer: Capacity payment obligations exceeding distribution company revenue collection
Explanation: Pakistan committed to paying IPP capacity charges (guaranteed payments for installed capacity regardless of electricity actually used) that grew to exceed what distribution companies collected from consumers, creating an expanding circular debt that reached over Rs. 2.5 trillion by 2023.