The SCO's "Shanghai Spirit" is characterized by which of the following core principles that distinguishes it from Western-led multilateral institutions?
Q1. The SCO's "Shanghai Spirit" is characterized by which of the following core principles that distinguishes it from Western-led multilateral institutions?
Answer: Mutual trust, non-alignment, non-targeting of third parties, and openness
Explanation: The "Shanghai Spirit" is defined by mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for cultural diversity, and pursuit of common development — explicitly rejecting alliance politics and non-targeting of third parties.