Joule's law of heating states that heat produced is proportional to:
Q1. Joule's law of heating states that heat produced is proportional to:
Answer: I²Rt
Explanation: Joule's law of heating states that the heat Q produced in a conductor is proportional to the square of the current (I²), the resistance (R), and the time (t), expressed as Q = I²Rt. This relationship shows that doubling the current quadruples the heat generated, which is why high-resistance, high-current circuits generate significant waste heat.