Total fertility rate is at long-run replacement and net migration is zero. What happens to population over several decades if age structure is still young?
Q1. Total fertility rate is at long-run replacement and net migration is zero. What happens to population over several decades if age structure is still young?
Answer: Population can keep rising for years due to population momentum
Explanation: When a population with a young age structure reaches replacement-level fertility, population momentum means that large cohorts of young people continue to enter reproductive ages, so total population keeps rising for decades before stabilising.