The concept of "Ijtihad" refers to:
Q1. The concept of "Ijtihad" refers to:
Answer: Independent legal reasoning by a qualified scholar
Explanation: Ijtihad is the process of independent legal reasoning exercised by a qualified scholar (mujtahid) to derive rulings on issues not explicitly addressed in the Quran or Sunnah. The person qualified to perform Ijtihad must master Arabic, Quran, Sunnah, and principles of jurisprudence.