The concept of a "Caliph" (Khalifa) literally means:
Q1. The concept of a "Caliph" (Khalifa) literally means:
Answer: Successor or Deputy
Explanation: "Khalifa" (Caliph) literally means "successor" or "deputy" in Arabic, denoting the successor to the Prophet (SAW) in leading the Muslim community; the Quran uses it to mean "deputy/vicegerent" (2:30, 38:26).