Who was the first person to introduce a formal police force (Shurta) in the Islamic state?
Q1. Who was the first person to introduce a formal police force (Shurta) in the Islamic state?
Answer: Umar (RA)
Explanation: Hazrat Umar ibn al-Khattab (RA) is credited with establishing the first formal police force (Shurta) in the Islamic state to maintain law and order in the rapidly expanding Muslim empire.