The "Battle of Chaldiran" in 1514 was a decisive victory for the Ottoman Empire over the:
Q1. The "Battle of Chaldiran" in 1514 was a decisive victory for the Ottoman Empire over the:
Answer: Safavid Empire
Explanation: The Battle of Chaldiran (August 23, 1514 CE) was a decisive Ottoman victory under Sultan Selim I over the Safavid Shah Ismail I; Ottoman superiority in artillery proved decisive, halting Safavid westward expansion.