In which phase of the Calvin cycle are ATP and NADPH utilized to convert 3-phosphoglycerate into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate?
Q1. In which phase of the Calvin cycle are ATP and NADPH utilized to convert 3-phosphoglycerate into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate?
Answer: Reduction
Explanation: Reduction uses ATP and NADPH to convert 3-PGA into G3P. Carbon fixation (Option C) is the initial CO2 attachment step.