In a substitution reaction, the iodide ion (I-) is a better nucleophile than the fluoride ion (F-) in protic solvents. What factor explains this?
Q1. In a substitution reaction, the iodide ion (I-) is a better nucleophile than the fluoride ion (F-) in protic solvents. What factor explains this?
Answer: Polarizability
Explanation: Larger ions like iodide are more polarizable and less tightly solvated in protic solvents; electronegativity is tempting but follows the opposite trend.