Why does nitrogen exhibit a higher first ionization energy than oxygen despite oxygen having a greater effective nuclear charge?
Q1. Why does nitrogen exhibit a higher first ionization energy than oxygen despite oxygen having a greater effective nuclear charge?
Answer: Electron-electron repulsion in oxygen's 2p orbitals
Explanation: Oxygen's filled 2p orbitals cause repulsion, reducing ionization energy; nitrogen's half-filled orbitals are more stable.