Pakistan Studies MCQ #37376

Compared with Ordinary Amendment passage requiring bicameral two‑thirds majorities which narrower band is required additionally when rewriting the Fundamental Rights outlined in Article‑239 ?

Pakistan Studies MCQ #37376

  1. Question 1

    Q1. Compared with Ordinary Amendment passage requiring bicameral two‑thirds majorities which narrower band is required additionally when rewriting the Fundamental Rights outlined in Article‑239 ?

    • A) Unanimous National Assembly caucuses excluding Senate
    • B) Simple‑majority plus joint sitting without provinces
    • C) Two thirds majorities plus majority approval of Provincial Assemblies pursuant to enumerated guarantees
    • D) Cabinet Secretariat circulars circulated to chief secretaries suffice

    Answer: Two thirds majorities plus majority approval of Provincial Assemblies pursuant to enumerated guarantees

    Explanation: Under Article 239 of the 1973 Constitution, amendments affecting the Federal Legislative List require a two-thirds majority in both the National Assembly and the Senate, and amendments affecting provinces additionally require approval by a majority of the four Provincial Assemblies. This multi-tier requirement protects federalism and fundamental rights from simple parliamentary majority changes.